Okay..I want to go on a diet.. I'm not vegan, I'm vegetarian : D..
I was wondering how many calories I should consume a day, how much protein, fiber, fat, carbs, sodium, and any other important factors in order to lose some weight..??

That really depends on how much you want to lose, how much you weigh now, how tall you are, etc. Also, how old you are.

Calculate how many calories you need now (just keep track of 3 average days, and see what it is), and then eat 500 calories less a day, and exercise enough to burn 500 calories. How much protein, carbs, fat, fiber you need depends on how many calories you need to take in and such. I don't think anyone actually needs to worry about sodium (by this I mean you don't need to have a certain amount, sorry. You should have under a certain amount, though).

Increased fiber and lowered simple carbs/excess fat seems to work for many people. Sodium would only effect water weight. Try decreasing the amount of liquid calories and added sugars you eat. Focus on whole foods instead of sugary/excess fatty procressed food. However, if you choose processed food that is low in calories, I don't see a problem with it. Increasing activity level is always a plus! :) Good luck!

Sodium affects water weight which will in turn affect over all weight. If you can, cut out sodium as much as you can and limit processed foods to nearly nothing (even if they're low-cal.... low-cal foods tend to have things in them that are not good in whole). Go with whole foods as much as you can and limit your sweets to fruits and sweet vegetables, only. No refined sugars of any sort. Also, go with complex carbs over simple carbs - they stay with the body longer and help reduce the I HAVE TO EAT NOW feelings (which can, at times, lead to overbinging). If you don't already do it, then increase your intake of beans and legumes and also deep leafy greens. That will keep your levels happy so you don't put yourself into nutritional deficit.

Instead of 3 large meals, go for 6 smaller ones starting with breakfast. That keeps the blood sugar steady and again, keeps the bingies at bay. :yes:

I know you're vegetarian, but I'm not sure if you eat milk products and/or eggs or not (some do, some don't) but I will say that these foods tend to be very calorie heavy and not very good on the nutritional front. Low-fat cheeses and things, a lot of people go with but I'm just not very comfortable recommending them as part of a weight-loss regimen (I don't care what the dairy commercials say).

I don't know your activity level, so it's hard to give recommendations but I'm sure someone can come in and give good information about that, too.